Integrasi Wahyu dan Sains dalam Fenomena Astronomi: Analisis Pergantian Siang dan Malam Berdasarkan Surah Al-Baqarah Ayat 164 dan Surah Al-Furqon Ayat 47

Abstract

The phenomenon of the alternation of day and night is one of the signs of Allah SWT's power mentioned repeatedly in the Qur'an, including in Surah Al-Baqarah verse 164 and Surah Al-Furqān verse 47. These two verses contain not only theological messages about the oneness and power of Allah, but also scientific indications (āyāt kawniyyah) that are relevant to modern astronomical explanations of the Earth's rotation. This study aims to examine the integration between revelation and science in understanding the phenomenon of the alternation of day and night, by reviewing the interpretations of classical and contemporary exegetes and relating them to the findings of modern science. This study employs a qualitative method with a thematic exegesis (maudhu'i) approach and library research, referring to exegetical works such as Tafsīr al-Jalālayn, Tafsīr al-Marāghī, Jāmi' al-Bayān by Al-Ṭabarī, Tafsīr al-Qur'ān al-'Aẓīm by Ibn Kathīr, Tafsir Al-Azhar by Hamka, and Tafsir Al-Mishbah by M. Quraish Shihab, enriched with recent studies on the relevance of the āyāt kawniyyah to astronomical science. The results show that exegetes agree in interpreting the alternation of day and night as evidence of the order and precision of the universal system created by Allah, while contemporary scientific studies explain this phenomenon through the mechanism of the Earth's rotation on its axis. The integration between the interpretation of the revealed text and scientific explanation reinforces the understanding that the Qur'an and science are complementary rather than contradictory, while also affirming the Qur'an's role as a source of inspiration for the development of knowledge. This study is expected to contribute to the field of tafsir 'ilmi (scientific exegesis) and enrich the discourse on the integration of Islamic scholarship and modern science.